Radio Layer In Bluetooth

Radio Layer In Bluetooth. The Bluetooth radio layer is the lowest layer of Bluetooth architecture that corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI model It lays down the physical structure and specifications for the transmission of radio waves The position of the radio layer depicted in the following diagram − Characteristic Features of Bluetooth Radio Layer.

Using an Alternate MAC PHY (AMP) Bluetooth is capable of data rates up to 54 Mbps through an IEEE 80211 physical connection A protocol adaptation layer (PAL) provides the interface between Bluetooth and the 80211 device The Bluetooth radio considered the primary radio performs discovery association establishes the connection and maintains it.

Radio Layer Tutorial

The Bluetooth radio layer is the lowest layer of Bluetooth architecture that corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI model It lays down the physical structure and specifications for the transmission of radio waves The position of the radio layer depicted in the following diagram − Characteristic Features of Bluetooth Radio Layer.

The Bluetooth Radio Layer Tutorialspoint

The Bluetooth link layer outlines the way Bluetooth devices can use the raw transmission facility given by the radio layer to exchange information The functions of the link layer is very close to MAC (medium access control) sublayer of the OSI model The following diagram shows the position of link layers in the Bluetooth protocol architecture −.

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Frequency Bands and Channel ArrangementTransmitter CharacteristicsReceiver CharacteristicsThe Bluetooth radio accomplishes spectrum spreading by frequency hopping in 79 hops displaced by 1 MHz starting at 2402GHz and finishing at 2480GHz In a few countries (ie France) this frequency band range is (temporarily) reduced and a 23hop system is used In order to comply with out of band regulations in each country In both systems a guard band is used at the lower and upper band edge Power Classes Each device is classified into 3 power classes Power Class1 2 & 3 1 Power Class 1 is designed for long range (~100m) devices with a max output power of 20 dBm 2 Power Class 2 for ordinary range devices (~10m) devices with a max output power of 4 dBm 3 Power Class 3 for short range devices (~10cm) devices with a max output power of 0 dBm The Bluetooth radio interface is based on a nominal antenna power of 0dBm Each device can optionally vary its transmitted powerEquipment with power control capability optimizes the output power in a link with LMP commands (see Link Manager Protocol) It is done by measuring RSSI and report back if the power should be increased or decreased Modulation Characteristics The Bluetooth radio module uses GFSK (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying) where a binary one is represented by a positive frequency deviation and a binary zero by a negative frequency deviation BT is set to 05 and the modulation index must be between 028 Sensitivity Level The receiver must have a sensitivity level for which the bit error rate (BER) 01% is met For Bluetooth this means an actual sensitivity level of 70dBm or better Interference Performance The interference performance on Cochannel and adjacent 1 MHz and 2 MHz are measured with the wanted signal 10 dB over the reference sensitivity level On all other frequencies the wanted signal shall be 3 dB over the reference sensitivity level OutofBand blocking The Out of band blocking is measured with the wanted signal 3 dB over the reference sensitivity level The interfering signal shall be a continuous wave signal The BER shall be less than or equal to 01% Intermodulation Characteristics The reference sensitivity performance BER = 01% shall be met under the following conditions 1 The wanted signal at frequency f 0 with a power level 6 dB over the referencesensitivity level 2 A static sine wave signal at f 1 with a power level of ?9 dBm 3 A Bluetooth modu.